Introduction . Since the pioneering discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by Iijima1, these nanomaterials have garnered significant attention owing to their exceptional characteristics encompassing stiffness, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and electrical properties, surpassing those of conventional materials2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7. However, due to the practical difficulties and high costs associated with experimental manipulation, the theoretical analysis a...